TFCC Tears & Repairs

Diagram showing the Triangular FibroCartilage Complex in the wrist
The Triangular FibroCartilage Complex (TFCC)

The Triangular FibroCartilage Complex, or TFCC, is an important structure in the wrist made of tough fibrous tissue and cartilage.

This tissue supports the joints between the end of the forearm bones, the radius and ulna, adding to their stability. The TFCC also helps connect the forearm with the small bones on the ulnar side, or pinkie-finger side, of the wrist. Several different tissues form the TFCC, and they blend together to stabilize the ulnar side of the wrist.

The TFCC also acts as a cushion between the end of the ulna and the small bones of the wrist, including the lunate and triquetrum. In patients whose ulna is longer than the radius at the wrist, the TFCC is usually thinner and more likely to tear.

Causes

Tears of the TFCC happen in two different locations and are usually caused by different problems. One type of tear is due to natural wear, while the other is usually from injury. Tears due to wear are the most common and are usually not seen in younger people. They become more common with age.

Tears from injury can come from:

  • A fall on the hand or wrist
  • A twisting injury, such as a drill bit catching and twisting the arm
  • A fracture at the end of the radius

Signs and Symptoms

For some people, tears of the TFCC may not cause any pain or instability problems in the wrist. MRI studies may show tears in people with no pain or problems using the wrist.

Others may experience some or all of the following symptoms:

  • Clicking or popping while turning the forearm or moving the wrist from side to side
  • Pain
  • Weakness
  • Limited motion

If there is pain or instability in the wrist, it may be a sign of a problem with the TFCC. A discussion with your medical provider can help clarify the issue.

Diagnosing a TFCC Tear

It can be difficult to find the cause of ulnar-sided wrist pain in the area of the TFCC because other conditions in this area can cause similar problems. A hand surgeon may use special wrist examination methods to diagnose a TFCC tear.

Treatment

Only people with symptoms need to be treated for TFCC tears. Treatment options that may give relief include:

  • Splints
  • Activity changes
  • Anti-inflammatory medicine
  • Injections

If these treatments do not help, surgical treatments may be available. Possible surgical treatments vary depending on the specific underlying TFCC injury. Visit a hand surgeon to discuss your specific symptoms and work out a treatment plan.

This mobile-friendly version is adapted from patient education content originally provided by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand.