Jammed Finger

Jammed fingers are common in sports, but they may also occur during regular daily activities. Even when the injured finger looks normal and can move normally, it may still require medical treatment.

The anatomy of the finger joint is complex, and several types of injuries can result in permanent problems if they are left undiagnosed or untreated.

Causes

Jammed fingers occur when the tip of the finger is compressed toward the hand. As the finger is compressed, the ligaments supporting the joints are stretched or sprained. Ligaments are soft tissues that hold bone to bone.

The greater the force, the more severe the sprain. If the force is strong enough, the ligaments can tear completely. Other injuries that may occur from more violent forces include torn tendons, fractures, and dislocations.

Signs and Symptoms

A jammed finger may result in pain and the inability to bend, straighten, or grip with the finger.

Treatment

Your doctor will need to know how and when the injury occurred. A physical examination is performed to check finger position, movement, pain, and swelling. X-rays are usually taken. On occasion, other studies may be needed, such as an MRI or CT scan.

Jammed fingers may be treated without or with surgery, depending on how severe the injury is. Some injuries can be treated with a splint and/or buddy strapping to the neighboring normal finger. These treatments are often performed along with the care of a hand therapist. Some severe injuries require surgery.

In any case, even with simple sprains, the finger may be swollen for up to a full year. You and your hand specialist will determine the best approach for your individual situation. Successful outcomes depend on the combined efforts of the specialist, therapist, and you.

This mobile-friendly version is adapted from patient education content originally provided by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand.